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Are Urine Tests For Chlamydia Accurate

Exactly How Typical Is Chlamydia

Chlamydia Test Results Overview

In 2017, more than 1.7 million cases of chlamydia were reported to the Centers for Condition Control as well as Prevention . Numerous cases go unreported, so the real number of chlamydia infections every year might be closer to 3 million.

Males and female can both get the infection, yet a lot more cases in ladies are reported.

Infection prices are highest among more youthful women, with the greatest prices of infection happening in ladies between ages 15 as well as 24.

The CDC suggests that all sexually active women ages 25 years as well as younger obtain evaluated for chlamydia each year, in addition to older females with danger aspects like multiple or new companions.

Statistically, an individual is more likely to obtain an STI if theyve had sex with more than one person. Other threat factors consist of having had an STI in the past, or presently have an infection due to the fact that this can lower resistance.

Prices for chlamydia as well as various other STIs have actually been climbing recently.

How Do You Test For Chlamydia

Nucleic Acid Amplification The three NAA tests described below work by finding the DNA of chlamydia bacteria. Because NAA tests search for the bacterias genetic material, it is very unlikely that a false-positive test result will occur. The incubation period for chlamydia is 1-5 days, so wait at least five days after potential chlamydia exposure before getting tested to ensure the most accurate results possible.

Urine samples

  • Testing via urine samples needs to consist of first-catch urine . Patients should not include more than the first-catch in the collection cup to avoid diluting the sample.
  • Patients should not urinate for at least one hour prior to providing a sample.
  • Female patients should not cleanse the labial area prior to providing the specimen.

Swab cultures

  • Neonates conjunctival swab

Why shouldnt you get tested for chlamydia via a blood test?

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Antibodies, IgM

  • IgM antibodies are found mainly in the blood and lymph fluid they are the first antibody to be made by the body to fight a new infection.
  • This blood samples results should not be used as a diagnostic procedure without confirmation of the diagnosis by another medically established diagnostic product or procedure.

Enzyme immunoassay Antibodies, IgG

  • IgG antibodies are the most abundant type of antibody they are found in all body fluids and protect against bacterial and viral infections.

Urine Testing For Sexually Transmitted Infections

Several sexually transmitted infections can be detected using urine testing, which is becoming more and more available. Urine chlamydia tests and gonorrhea tests are a lot more pleasant than having to have your cervix or urethra swabbed and are quickly becoming standard practice.

It may be more difficult to find urine testing for other STIs, such as trichomoniasis or human papillomavirus , however. This article will discuss urine testing for STIs.

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Other Complications Of Untreated Chlamydia In All People

  • Conjunctivitis, spread by touching the infected area and then touching the hand to the eye
  • Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the rectum , if the chlamydia is from anal sex
  • Varied symptoms, such as joint and eye inflammation, caused by bacterial infection
  • Lymphogranuloma venereum, or LGV. This is caused by a type of chlamydia that is usually rare in Canada and the United States, but it is becoming more common in men who have sex with men. It causes open sores in the genital area, headache, fever, fatigue, and swelling of the lymph nodes in the groin. It also causes proctitis in people who get chlamydia through anal sex.

Why It Is Done

Chlamydia and Genital Discharge

A test for chlamydia is done to:

  • See whether symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection are caused by a chlamydia infection.
  • Check people who are at high risk for being infected with chlamydia. A chlamydia infection does not always cause symptoms. The Public Health Agency of Canada recommends checking for chlamydia for:
  • All sexually active women age 25 or younger.
  • Women and men with high-risk sexual behaviours.
  • All pregnant women in the first trimester and again in the third trimester if high-risk sexual behaviours are reported. Treating a pregnant woman who has a chlamydia infection can prevent an infection in her newborn.
  • Check for infection in a newborn whose mother had a chlamydia infection at the time of delivery.
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    The Importance Of Obtaining First Catch Urine Samples For Chlamydia Trachomatis And Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Testing

    2015, Volume 25, Number 1

    Urine specimens are being used with increasing frequency to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in adult and adolescent patients. Urine specimens have advantages because they are non-invasive and easy to collect but these specimens will detect up to 10% fewer infections compared with vaginal and Endocervical swab samples. 1 A contributing factor in the reduced sensitivity of urine specimens relates to confusion about specimen collection for sexually transmitted diseases versus urinary tract infections. Urine collection procedures for these entities are quite different.

    Who Should Get 3 Site Testing

    Anyone who engages in oral and anal sex, male or female, should test at all three sites. Testing only by urinalysis is a very heteronormative approach to managing potential risk for STIs.

    MSM in particular are at high risk for exposure to gonorrhea and chlamydia in the throat and anus, and should seek out locations that test through urinalysis as well as throat and anal swabbing.

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    Purpose Of Urine Testing For Stis

    It used to be that STI testing, particularly for bacterial STIs, was very uncomfortable.

    Men who thought they might have a bacterial STI like chlamydia or gonorrhea got tested by having a swab inserted into their urethra. Women had to undergo a pelvic exam, during which a cervical swab would be taken and tested for bacteria.

    The fact that STI testing was uncomfortable and invasive made it less likely that people would undergo regular STI screening.

    That probably contributed to what is sometimes known as the hidden epidemic of asymptomatic STIs. Because many STIs have no symptoms, the only way to detect them is through testing. When people aren’t tested regularly, they can spread STIs to their partners without even knowing it.

    Urine testing makes it easier for people to undergo STI testing as part of their regular medical care. Note, however, that STI testing is still not a standard part of most annual exams.

    Question 6 Is Performance Of One Ct/ng Naat Any Different From That Of Another Ct/ng Naat

    Urine test for Gonorrhoea and Chlamydia

    There are many FDA-approved CT/NG NAATs with high specificities. However, TMA methods have a higher clinical sensitivity than other NAATs.8 Please consult reference 8 for further details.

    References

  • Schachter J, McCormack WM, Chernesky MA, et al. Vaginal swabs are appropriate specimens for diagnosis of genital tract infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. J Clin Microbiol. 2003 41:3784-3789.
  • Wiesenfeld HC, Heine RP, Rideout A, et al. The vaginal introitus: a novel site for Chlamydia trachomatis testing in women. Am J Obstet Gynecol.1996 174:1542-1546.
  • Wiesenfeld HC, Lowry DL, Heine RP, et al. Self-collection of vaginal swabs for the detection of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis: opportunity to encourage sexually transmitted disease testing among adolescents. Sex Transm Dis. 2001 28:321-325.
  • Workowski KA, Gail A, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2015 64 :1-140.
  • Laboratory diagnostic testing for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Expert Consultation Meeting summary report. January 13-15, 2009. Atlanta, GA . Accessed June 20, 2014.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommendations for the laboratory-based detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae2014. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2014 63:1-19.
  • Recommended Reading: How Long Do You Have Chlamydia

    Did You Know It Gets In Your Mouth Oh And Your Butt Too

    Thats right guys , were talking about those pesky sexually transmitted infections, gonorrhea and chlamydia. And you read that rightit can end up in your mouth and your butt.

    So listen up to learn about the only way to test for these two serious infections, because your previous provider may not have done it correctly.

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    How To Know If You Have Chlamydia

    Chlamydia is incredibly difficult to diagnose due to its symptomless nature for 70% of women and 50% of men. The only certain way to know that you have chlamydia is to get tested. If you do have symptoms then you will still need to be tested to effectively diagnose that the symptoms are caused by chlamydia. If youre sexually active, you should get tested regularly whether you have symptoms or not.

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    Gonorrhea : Causes Symptoms And Treatments

    There are several ways to check a sample for infection. A smear of the sample can be placed on a microscope slide and treated with special stains to see the bacteria in the specimen. Under the microscope, the bacteria look like roundish pink cells in pairs . Alternatively, the sample can be used to grow bacterial colonies , which can then be examined. The most common technique used nowadays is called a nucleic acid amplification test . This test looks for the presence of N. gonorrheae genetic material in the sample if it is present, then you have the infection. Before having gonorrhea testing done, you should inform your healthcare provider if you have been taking any antibiotics over the past 24 hours. Women should also let their providers know if they have been using any vaginal creams or douches, as these can affect the test results. You may be asked to wait 1-2 hours after your last urination before collecting a urine sample. Menstruation does not affect the test results. When results are reported, negative means no infection and positive means that a gonorrhea infection is present.

    What Is The Treatment For Chlamydia

    Fewer Women Are Getting Tested for ChlamydiaHere

    Chlamydia can be easily cured with antibiotics. HIV-positive persons with chlamydia should receive the same treatment as those who are HIV-negative.

    Persons with chlamydia should abstain from sexual activity for 7 days after single dose antibiotics or until completion of a 7-day course of antibiotics, to prevent spreading the infection to partners. It is important to take all of the medication prescribed to cure chlamydia. Medication for chlamydia should not be shared with anyone. Although medication will cure the infection, it will not repair any permanent damage done by the disease. If a persons symptoms continue for more than a few days after receiving treatment, he or she should return to a health care provider to be reevaluated.

    Repeat infection with chlamydia is common.49 Women whose sex partners have not been appropriately treated are at high risk for re-infection. Having multiple chlamydial infections increases a womans risk of serious reproductive health complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease and ectopic pregnancy.50,51 Women and men with chlamydia should be retested about three months after treatment of an initial infection, regardless of whether they believe that their sex partners were successfully treated.40

    Infants infected with chlamydia may develop ophthalmia neonatorum and/or pneumonia.10 Chlamydial infection in infants can be treated with antibiotics.

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    During And After The Test

    When you have a urine STI test, it is usually during a regular appointment. You will be asked to pee into a sample collection cup or tube. That tube or cup will be given to one of the medical staff.

    Your urine sample will then be sent out to a lab or tested at the clinic. You can leave as soon as you are done giving the sample or when your appointment is finished.

    What Happens If Chlamydia Is Left Untreated

    There are many health risks if the infection is left untreated. In women, the infection can cause pelvic inflammatory disease. Pelvic inflammatory disease in turn can give rise to conditions like damaged fallopian tubes or even cause infertility.

    Chlamydia can also cause ectopic pregnancy in women. In pregnant women, it can cause premature birth, and infection to new born child . The new born child may develop infection or pneumonia if the mother is infected with Chlamydia.

    In men, it can cause a condition called nongonococcal urethritis which is an infection of the Urethra,epididymitis which is an infection of epididymis, that is the tube that carries sperm away from the testesa or proctitis, which is inflammation of the rectum.

    Like all sexually transmitted diseases, the precautionary measure against Chlamydia is to practice safe sex and avoid having multiple sexual partners. It is also important to get a screening test done as soon as any symptom is noticed. When treated at the right time, the disease is curable.

    Be safe, be healthy!

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    How Is Chlamydia Test Done

    If a urine sample is collected for a NAAT test, a person must not urinate for atleast 2 hours before the test. It is also necessary that a person collects the first part of the urine as soon as urination takes place.

    A person must not wipe the genital area clean before urinating.

    In case, a body fluid is to be collected for testing, the following are the procedures for both men and women:

    For men: A doctor will insert a swab into the opening of your urethra or rectum. A man must not urinate for atleast 2 hours before the sample is taken.

    For women: A woman has to lie on her back on an exam table with her feet raised and supported by stirrups. The doctor will examine the vaginal and genital areas. The doctor will insert a lubricated speculum into the vagina to open up the vaginal walls. Once the vaginal walls are spread apart,the inside of the vagina and cervix become visible. Samples are collected from a cervix with a swab or brush.

    To collect a sample from the eye, the doctor has to gently brush the insides of the lower and upper eyelids with a brush.

    There are self-tests that a woman can perform and bring it to the lab for testing. Throat culture is also a test to detect Chlamydia though it is rarely opted for.

    Sbus Appraisal Of The Evidence

    What tests are necessary for diagnosis of Chlamydial infection? – Dr. Teena S Thomas
    • Urine specimens are somewhat less sensitive than vaginal and cervical specimens. Vaginal specimens have the highest sensitivity for diagnosing chlamydia in women.
    • Urine, vaginal, and cervical specimens have similar specificity. In other words, they are equally likely to yield a correct, ie, negative, finding in women who are not infected.
    • The scientific evidence is insufficient to compare the diagnostic accuracy of urine specimens alone versus various combinations of specimens, since only one study in the assessment included such a comparison.
    • The scientific evidence is insufficient to draw conclusions on the cost-effectiveness of using urine specimens as the only test for establishing a chlamydia diagnosis in women. Too few studies of sufficient quality are available. The total cost of chlamydia testing is influenced mainly by how specimens are taken. Vaginal and urine specimens can be collected by the patient herself. This lowers the cost in comparison to taking cervical specimens, where health professionals must collect the specimen.

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    Testing Before The Incubation Period

    Every STD test has an advised date from which a test becomes accurate. This is because the bacteria needs enough time to multiply within your body in order for it to reach a detectable level when taking a chlamydia test. For chlamydia this is often 14 days. If you test before that 14 days is over, you may test negative, but you could still pass the bacteria on following your test.

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    How Will I Get My Results

    If you donât have chlamydia, we will let you know the result by text.

    If you do have chlamydia and need treatment, we will call you to arrange an appointment at a clinic of your choice.

    You should return for a repeat test/treatment if:

    • you think you have come into contact with chlamydia again
    • you and your partner had any form of unsafe sex within seven days of taking the chlamydia treatment
    • you didnât finish taking your treatment or didnât take it according to the instructions
    • the signs and symptoms dont go away.

    You should also get tested at a GUM clinic if your original test was negative but you then develop symptoms of chlamydia.

    If your symptoms dont improve, you should contact a clinic or on 0808 802 1221. This includes any pelvic pain that doesnât improve or any pain when having sex.

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    Questions For Your Doctor About Test Results

    It can be helpful to bring questions to your doctor to learn more about your chlamydia test results. Helpful questions may include:

    • What is my chlamydia test result?
    • Did my test check for any other STDs?
    • Do I need any treatment based on my results?
    • How can I talk to my sexual partners about chlamydia?
    • When should I be tested for STDs and how often?

    How Accurate Is Blood Test For Chlamydia

    OnSite Chlamydia Rapid Test

    There are basically 2 tests to diagnosis this disease which is Nucleic acid amplification tests and Chlamydia culture. NAAT accuracy level is almost 100% and it is done through urine sample and body fluid. It gives instantaneous results. Chlamydia culture requires time to give the result. It is also 95% accurate but this should be conducted in lab only. Symptoms of Chlamydia are seen clearly. Chlamydia test need some time to detect the bacteria.

    Some of the common symptoms are:-

    Following symptoms are seen in men:-

    • Discharge from the penis

    Following Major Chlamydia symptoms are seen in women:-

    • Abnormal vaginal discharge
    • Abdominal pain
    • Bleeding between periods

    This infection can be so dangerous that it can cause HIV which is a deadly disease. A newborn baby can also get contaminated with this disease if parents are suffering from it. This disease is most common in pregnant women.

    It is important that person who is diagnosed with should antibiotics and should refrain from sexual activity week for at least 1 week. It is also possible that this infection can happen again after curing it completely. So a person should avoid the reasons which this disease occurs.

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